8 / CHRONICLESnwriters for Saturday Night Liven—noticed that virtually all of the pastnmasterpieces of art were created bynmen. From Phidias to Saint-Gaudens,nfrom Giotto to Picasso, painting andnsculpture have been as masculine asnhunting deer or chewing tobacco. Typically,nthe only women in the studionwere models.nFor two decades, this bias in naturenand history has been faithfully representednin the classic History of Art bynHorst W, Janson. Janson’s son Anthonynrecently told ARTnews that hisnfather “took plenty of heat for excludingnwomen from the book.” JansonnSenior died in 1982, and whennAbrams approached Anthony aboutnrevising his father’s work, the boynproved to be no marble chip off the oldnblock. He couldn’t take the heat. Thennew edition of History of Art makesneery effort to paint a rosy picture ofnwomen and minorities in the arts.nIn the forthcoming issue of Chronicles:nThe Tower of BabelnCezanne, Moore, and Renoir mustnnow share the stage not only withnGeorgia O’Keeffe but with such femalenluminaries as Artemisia Gentilleschinand Judy Pfaff. Janson the Lesser hasnalready indicated that he is on thenlookout for other overlooked femalesnfor future editions. Anthony never receivedndirections from his father as tonhow to go about revising his work. “Hendidn’t leave notes behind or even discussnit much. In a fleeting reference,nhe did mention that he knew he wouldnhae to bite the bullet and includenwomen artists.” The old man wasnlucky to die before breaking all hisnteeth on feminist bullets — almostneverv one a dud.nAcademic freedom has probably alwaysnbeen a political weapon, but anrecent case seems more outrageousnthan usual: the denial of tenure atn”Without wishing to encourage any America Firster sentiments,nI do think it is long since time for us Americansnto quit groeling before the nations of the world. There isnmuch that could be better in this country, but nothingnthat a few terrorist attacks on Broadway, Madison Aenue,nand Hollywood couldn’t cure.”nALSOn—from “Short Views”nby Thomas FlemingnThomas Reeves and Samuel T, Francis square off on the JoenMcCarthy debatenArnold Beichman appreciates American journalists for theirncourageous refusal to criticize the USSRnInga Karetnikova and Igor Golomstock illustrate the cult ofnthe leadernJohn Lukacs rereads Tocqueville’s letters—they lose somethingnin translationnnnBowling Green State University inn1980 to Jerry Bergman. Bergman hadnearned two social science Ph.D.’s andnhad published numerous articles and anrecognized classroom text in his field.nHe was consistently ranked near thentop of his college in universityadministerednstudent surveys on teachingneffectiveness. According to ReligiousnFreedom Alert, Bergman had thensupport of the tenured faculty in hisnarea of specialization, of his departmentnchairman, and of the dean of hisncollege. He did not receive the twothirdsnapproval of his full departmentnnormally given to tenure candidates,nbut observers at the university believenthat those who voted against Dr. Bergmanndid so primarily because theynobjected to his articles defending creationism.nRosalind Charlesworth, ancolleague at BGSU, found “these criticismsn[of Dr. Bergman’s creationistnviews] . . . totally out of place andninvalid as they amount to religiousndiscrimination and censorship.” Severalnother colleagues agreed. Observersnalso point to several iolations of universitynrules — notably the requirementnfor annual written evaluationsn— in this tenure decision.nBergman’s case is now in the Federalncourts. Last year a Federal judge innOhio ruled against Dr. Bergman, sayingnthat no Federal law required anuniversity to follow its own rules. (In anrecent conversation with Chronicles,nthe plaintiff pointed out that this samenjudge was soon thereafter arrested forndrunken driving and discovered tonhave a serious alcohol problem.) Thencase is now in appeal.nThere is no good way out of thenmess at this point. To all appearances,nit is a clear-cut case of religious discrimination.nYet the Federal courtsnalready intrude into far too many affairsnwithout giving them one morenprecedent to abuse elsewhere. And,ntoo, there are good reasons for thenskepticism of most zoologists andnmany thoughtful Christians about thenvirtues of creationism as science ornreligion. Still, Bergman teaches educationalnmeasurement, not paleontologynor theology, and he had convincednhis colleagues and students o’f masterynof that discipline. Federal judges, likenuniversity administrators, were probablyncreated on the fifth day, along withnall of the other “creeping things.”n